I begin by studying the source material — its tone, speed, rhythm, and character dynamics. Subtitling is as much about ear as it is about eye.
I pay close attention to delivery speed, overlapping dialogue, scene changes, and emphasis.
Most subtitle lines must be shortened — sometimes drastically — to match reading speeds. I use smart reduction: stripping what’s redundant while keeping what matters. The voice, mood, and intention of the speaker must survive even when the word count doesn’t.
I adapt for natural flow and readability. No forced line breaks, no clunky syntax, no awkward phrasing. Every line should be something the viewer could say out loud and believe.
If I’m handling the timing, I adjust subtitles to fit scene transitions and sync with speech, while avoiding overlaps or late pop-ins. If timing is handled externally, I check that it aligns with the pacing and make adjustments when possible.